1	The OECD Follow up Group on Issues of Access to Publicly Funded Research Data: A Summary of the Interim Report Peter Arzberger University of California San Diego
2	Access to Publicly Finance Research Global Research Village III Amsterdam 2000 Conference Conclusions, Hans Franken Highlights Issues Recommends OECD/CSTP explore formulating commonly agreed principles for consideration at GRV IV Steering group start, expand
3	Task of Working Group: Produce a Report Current practices and future trends of Access to and Sharing of Research Data from Public Funding Effects of current practices on quality of research and progress of science Principles of making data access policies on data produced from publicly funded research Present for consideration at GRV IV
4	Swimming in Data: Exploding ability to capture and manipulate data Across Scales, Disciplines, National Boundaries
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6	Global Grid Activities
7	Scope of Working Group Report Included: Data produced from 100% public funding, e.g., University research and data collected by governments (nonclassified, relevant to research ) Excluded: Data produced from private-sector (industry); Data produced from mixed sources for funding, restricted government data Minimal treatment in report: Data produced from mixed sources for funding, restricted government data Issues of integrating data from developing countries Impact of national security issues not been fully explore Note: Phase 1
8	Working Group Participants Members Peter Arzberger, USA, Chair Peter Schroeder, Netherlands, Vice-Chair; Geoffrey Bowker, USA Sigrun Eckelmann, Germany Tim Hubbard, England Koji Kamitani, Japan Leif Laaksonen, Finland Gudrun Maass, OECD/CSTP Doug McEachern, Australia David Moorman, Canada Masamitsu Negishi, Japan Adminstrative Coordinator Teri Simas, USA Members (cont.) Paul Uhlir, USA Mitsutoshi Wada, Japan Andrzej Wierzbiki, Poland Jan Windmuller, Denmark Experts Anne Beaulieu, Netherlands Kathleen Casey, USA Colin Reddy, Netherlands Paul Wouters, Netherlands Observers Tony Mayer, ESF Jackie Bax, Netherlands Hugo von Linstow (now at GBIF), Denmark (obs) David Schindel, NSF (obs)
9	Activities Web and e-mail Surveys: Data Sharing Policies Case Studies: Specifics European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) fMRI Data Center (Dartmouth, New Hampshire) Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and biodiversity science Committee’s contacts Dissemination and Input: Publications: D-Lib Magazine Web Site: http://dataaccess.ucsd.edu Presentations (CODATA, GRV IV, Society for Social Studies of Science Conference)
10	Importance of ICT for Research and Science: Science Policies for Economies in Transition Session 4 Access to and sharing of research data from public funding (http://www.kbn.gov.pl/GRV/) Background and Principles: The WhatWhyWhereWhenWhom, P.Schroeder Data Sharing Policies: Social and Organizational Issues and Challenges. Anne Beaulieu, Geoffrey Bowker, Kathleen Casey, Colin Reddy, Paul Wouters Preliminary Report on the Recommendations of the CSTP Follow Up Group on Sharing of Publicly Funded Research Data, David Moorman and Peter Arzberger
11	Building Upon Previous Work
12	Data Sharing Policies Reviewed US Policy; Surveyed ESF and other agencies about data sharing policies Findings Significant proportion of OECD countries has no policies on sharing of data from publicly funded research, however most national research organizations expect that data sharing will become a policy issue in the next five years US ahead of other countries in policies regarding data access and sharing International and national laws and policies directly affect data access and sharing practices
13	NIH Draft Statement on Sharing Research Data The NIH will expect investigators supported by NIH funding to make their research data available to the scientific community for subsequent analyses. The NIH will require that data sharing be addressed in grant applications (e.g., in sections related to significance, budget, and the end of the research plan) and in the review of applications. Applicants whose research will produce data that are not amenable to sharing should include in the application reasons for not making the data available.
14	National Science Foundation Social Behavioral and Economic Sciences NSF is committed to the principle that the various forms of data collected with public funds belong in the public domain Purpose of policy is to advance science by encouraging data sharing among researchers Grantees …will develop and submit specific plans to share materials collected with NSF support Include how and where these materials will be stored at reasonable cost, and how access will be provided to other researcher, generally at their cost. Policy explicitly recognizes that many complexities arises across the range of data collection supported by SBE programs, and that unusual circumstances may require modifications or even full exemptions.
15	Core Principle Publicly funded research data should remain publicly available, subject only to compelling superseding considerations and policies
16	Premises Publicly funded data are a public good Should be as open as possible and available free of charge or at the lowest possible cost (subject to restrictions) Good stewardship of public knowledge Data are central to the scientific research process Data is basis of value chain of science and technology, optimum return on public investment Strong value chains of innovation Data sharing issues are international in scope ICT makes multidisciplinary and international collaborations possible Key scientific and social problems are global: health, environment The creation of value from international cooperation
17	Framework for Discussion Synthesize from Case Studies; Interdependent Technical: Hardware, software, equipment, people. Grid, cyberinfrastructure, e-science vision. Data integration, interoperability. Quality (security, authenticity) Institutional and Management: Funding agencies, government departments, governing boards of large activities; universities and research institutes Budgetary: Infrastructure upgrade, sustainability of data resources Legal and Policy: International and national laws and policies directly affect data access and data sharing practices Cultural and Behavioral: Reward structures, incentives, career paths; community value of sharing
18	Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
19	GBIF: Contexts Technical Protocols for interoperability; quality of data Institutional and Managerial Coordination [responsibility] within countries (nodes) for national institutions for funding and activities, e.g. funding to digitize data and develop interoperable databases. Done by country [flexibility]. Budgetary Funding levels and cycles need to be substantial enough to develop software for heterogeneous users and uses (e.g. the public)[efficiency, sustainability]] Legal and Policy Issues of ownership and IPR are barriers to moving data across boundaries. Non technical. Cultural and Behavioral Access to biodiversity data - benefit to the community but the value of data access needs to be reflected in reward and incentive structures; attribution, trust.
20	Key Findings Technical: Broad access to data and optimum exploitation of data sharing opportunities require an appropriately designed infrastructure Institutional and Management: Heterogeneous data require tailored data management approaches Budgetary: Scientific data infrastructure requires continued and separate budgetary support Social Informatics research suggests mismatch in research review applied to infrastructure
21	Key Findings (2) Legal and Policy: International and national laws and policies directly affect data access and data sharing practices Cultural and Behavioral: Reward structures and mechanisms are a necessary component for promoting data access and data sharing practices
22	Desired Outcomes More details in Report Governments of OECD member countries and International Organizations Continue discussions at Ministerial Endorse core principle Research Funding Organizations Adopt core principle, design flexibly Revise review and funding mechanisms for infrastructure Research Institutes, Professional and Scholarly Associations Value data sharing and management Data sharing is the default
23	Integrating Knowledge
24	Acknowledgements CODATA Netherlands' Ministry of Education, Culture and Science and the Netherlands Institute of Scientific Information Services (NIWI-KNAW) National Science Foundation http://dataaccess.ucsd.edu