An International Workshop
Creating the Information Commons for e-Science:
Toward Institutional Policies and Guidelines for Action
UNESCO Headquarters, Paris, France
1-2 September 2005


Case Study:

National Library of Medicine

Elliot Siegel, PhD
Associate Director for Health Information Programs Development

The statutory mission of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) is to collect, organize, disseminate, and preserve the world's biomedical literature. In 1988 the U.S. Congress expanded NLM's role by creating the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). NCBI is charged with developing databases and software to facilitate access to a broad array of biotechnology information. Today NLM provides a wide variety of online information resources that range from genetic data (e.g. GenBank), to bibliographic descriptions and full text of the biomedical literature (PubMed/Medline and PubMed Central), and to consumer health material (e.g. Medlineplus). Over 1 million searches are performed daily on NLM databases by researchers, health care practitioners, and the public from around the world. The U.S. Congress, which is responsible for overseeing NLM's operations and providing funding on an annual basis, has strongly supported NLM's initiatives to leverage the power of the Internet and make it resources free to all users. NLM provides access to copyrighted material either through explicit licensing agreements or on a fair use basis. NLM's efforts to implement and openly distribute standards related to bibliographic format, molecular data resources, archiving full text scientific literature, and exchange of health data have contributed significantly to removing barriers to information sharing. Recent NIH policy initiatives to enhance access to the results of NIH funded research data and associated literature are further facilitating the linking of these resources in ways that advance scientific discovery. Evaluation activities are a strong component of NLM's dissemination programs, including ongoing user feedback.